COMPARATIVE OUTCOME ANALYSIS OF TORSEMIDE AND FUROSEMIDE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
Sheba Elsa Sam, Marteena Mathew, Amrutha Ann Joseph, Jeny Samuel* and Sujith Kumar S.
ABSTRACT
Heart disease includes various conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary heart disease caused by arterial blockages. Heart failure symptoms primarily include dyspnea and fatigue, leading to exercise intolerance, along with orthopnea and tachypnea. Diuretics, once the only treatment, advanced in the 1950s with acetazolamide, spironolactone, and thiazides, offering better tolerance and fewer side effects like hypotension and electrolyte imbalances. Loop diuretics provide rapid, potent effects and are often used in combination for managing fluid overload, a key cause of heart failure hospitalizations. However, diuretic resistance, driven by factors like high sodium intake, electrolyte imbalances, and renal system activation, is a major challenge, increasing the risk of rehospitalization and death in chronic heart failure. Side effects such as electrolyte disturbances, renal failure, and hypersensitivity highlight the importance of careful therapeutic management.
Keywords: Torsemide, Furosemide, Spironolactone, Therapeutic outcome, Clinical benefits, adverse effects, cost effectiveness.
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