European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

A STUDY ON BILOBED PATTERN OF THE PAROTID SALIVARY GLAND IN FOETUSES.

Dr. K. Yesupadam and *Dr. K.V.N. Geetha Devi

ABSTRACT

The parotid glands are paired salivary glands are having complex structure because it is traversed by a number of structures and the facial nerve which forms a plane between the two lobes. The neurovascular bundle may get compressed between the two lobes when it is effected by infections like suppurative parotitis. Mumps is the most common viral infection that effect these salivary glands which is a severe painful condition. Sailoliths blocks the parotid duct leads stagnation of saliva, which in turn causes pressure on the structures with in the substance of the gland. The above conditions, the benign and malignant growths need surgical treatment. The parotid surgeries require special attention because the surgical procedure which may damage the facial nerve, the 7th cranial nerve and it is traversed between the superficial and deep lobes of the gland. The study taken for its clinical importance and the surgeries on parotid glands for the infections, salivary stones & growths warrants the surgeons for the facial nerve injury which in turn results in paralysis of facial muscles. Materials and Methods: The study conducted in 50 foetal glands belongs to 25 dead fetuses which are formalin fixed specimens. The incisions given according to the cunningham’s practical manual of anatomy and the glands exposed, Capsule removed to observe the extent of gland and the structures radiating from it. The superficial lobe reflected back along the anterior border of the gland, the plane of facial nerve observed, the presence of deep lobe observed and the sizes noted. The number of Isthami observed and tabulated. The presence (or) absence of isthamus between superficial and deep lobes noted. Results: The present study all the 50 parotid glands consists superficial and deep lobes in between the facial nerve and its terminal branches traversed.  100% of foetal specimens shown lobar pattern with intervening facial nerve  The larger deep lobe observed in 6 foetuses on both sides.  The larger superficial lobe observed in 3 foetuses on both sides.  The equal size lobes observed in 16 foetuses on both sides.  Isthami of the gland: 46 foetal glands out of 50 glands shown the single isthamus between the cervico facial & temparofacial divisions.  Presence of 2 isthami on both sides in 2 foetal specimens noticed. Conclusion: 100% of foetal glands presented lober pattern. 24% of foetal glands presented with larger deep lobe. 12% of glands presented with larger superficial lobe. 64% of glands with nearly equal sized lobes. The foetal glands shown 2 isthami in 8% of specimens. The foetal glands shown single isthamus in 92% of specimens.

Keywords: Parotid glands, Superficial lobe, deep lobe, Isthami.