European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

BASIC CONCEPTS OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS

Rohit Saini* and Sanchit Srivastav

ABSTRACT

Aromatic compounds also called as arenes. These are the chemical compounds that contain conjugated planar ring systems having delocalization of pi electron clouds rather than discrete alternating single and double bonds. Typical aromatic compounds are benzene and toluene and satisfy the Hückel's rule. When the functional group or any substituent, in aromatic compounds is directly attached to the benzene ring, it is a called nuclear substituted compound and is named as the derivatives of benzene under the IUPAC system. Aromatic compounds where the functional group is present in the sidechain of the ring are called sidechain substituted compounds and compounds are named as the phenyl derivatives of the corresponding aliphatic compounds. Only one kind of monosubstituted derivatives is possible in benzene rings as all six hydrogen atoms are equivalent. In the formulation of various drugs, medicines and chemical are having its own importance of aromatic nucleus. Aromatics are the backbone for the chemical industry, research and developments. In addition to this various natural products are also having aromatics in their molecule. Aromatics are the proven and extremely powerful tool in the field of medical science and discovery.

Keywords: Aromaticity, Aromatics, Benzene, Huckel’s rule, Homocyclic compounds, Heterocyclic compounds, Halogenation, Nitration, Electrophilic substitution.