PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATION OF MICROALBUMINURIA IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH OR WITHOUT TYPE 2 DIABETES.
Elahe Elhami*, Channaraya V. and Githa Kishore
ABSTRACT
Background: Microalbuminuria develops from progressive, subclinical, structural and functional changes within the kidney and represents a sensitive marker of early renal disease. Microalbuminuria is typically defined as a 24-h urinary albumin excretion rate (UAE) of 30-300mg (20-200μg/min) or urinary albumin: creatinine ratio (UACR) of 2.5-30mg/mmol in men, 3.5-30mg/mmol in women. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and association of urinary microalbuminuria (MAU) in patients with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: The study was a prospective, cross sectional and observational study conducted on patients with hypertension with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus of KIMS Hospital and Research Centre, Bangalore. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of MAU as assessed by fully automated immune turbidometry method and blood pressure. Demographic variables, presence of co morbidities, use of cardiovascular and antidiabetic drugs and biochemical variables were also analyzed. Results: A total of 150 patients (50 with hypertension, 50 with both DM and hypertension and 50 controls), 66%woman, were included in the study. Overall prevalence of MAU was 86% in patients with DM and hypertension, 76% in patients with hypertension. In multivariate analysis, predictors for MAU were the presence of DM or hypertension, HbA1c, male, age, blood pressure, and total cholesterol and triglyceride TG. Conclusion: Hypertension and DM are the established risk factors for cardiovascular disease and renal disease. Routine MAU screening by turbidometry method would help identify individuals at risk and increase awareness of kidney disease and TOD.
Keywords: Microalbuminuria – hypertensive – patients with T2DM – prevalence.
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