European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EXPRESSION OF SMAD2TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE IN COLORECTAL CANCER: RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Mie Afify, Hatem El Mezean* and Reham Halim

ABSTRACT

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) defined as the cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. It is a commonly diagnosed cancer in both men and women and represents the third most common form of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the western world, SMAD2 (SMAD family member 2) is a protein-coding gene. It is a tumor suppressor gene located at 18q21 a region commonly deleted in colon adenocarcinomas, The role of Smad2 gene as an important tumor-suppressor gene emphasizes the complexity of rate-limiting check points in human tumorigenesis. Most of Smad2 gene mutations in human cancer are missense, nonsense, and frame shift Mutations at the mad homology2 region (MH2) which interfere with the homo-oligomer formation of Smad4protein and hetero oligomer formation between Smad4 and Smad2proteins, resulting in disruption of TGF-b signaling to thousands of adenomatous polyps in colon and rectum. Authors aimed to investigate the clinical significance of SMAD2 in colorectal cancer progression. Materials and methods: Expression of SMAD2 was detected in 50 formalin fixed paraffin using quantitative PCR (QPCR) and their levels were analyzed versus clinicopathological factors of CRC patients. Results: Significant relation was reported young female and CRC as compared to their counterparts from male individuals. SMAD2 Expression was increased significantly with old CRC and reported significant correlation with advanced stage and high grade tumors. Conclusion: SMAD2 expression was significantly related to differential grading thus pointing out their potential role as predictive markers for CRC prognosis.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; tumor suppressor genes; Smad2; progression, prognosis.