European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

IN VITRO COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ANTITUMORAL EFFECTS OF AMPHOTERICIN B AND ITS DERIVATIVE AMPHOTERICIN A21 IN LUNG CELLS

Ivan Ortega-Blake, Rubi Escobar-Reséndiz, Mario Fernández-Zertuche, Ignacio Regla, Arturo Galván-Hernández, Erika Tovar-Gudiño and Lourdes Rodríguez-Fragoso*

ABSTRACT

The complications that occur in cancer treatment require therapies that, in addition to increased effectiveness, can also reduce side effects. Amphotericin-A21 (AmB-A21) is a promising amphotericin B derivative that has the same antifungal effect but has been shown to be less toxic than its precursor. The present study investigates whether AmB-A21 has antineoplastic effects and whether these are potentiated when combined with carboplatin. To evaluate antineoplastic capacity, we performed curve dose-response of AmB-A21, AmB, and carboplatin. Then, A549 cells were treated with the corresponding IC25 of each drug: 67 μg/ml AmB-A21, 29 μg/ml AmB, and 515 μg/ml carboplatin, alone or combined during 24 h. We evaluated effects on viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and genotoxicity. Our result demonstrated that AmB-A21 produced cytotoxicity, inhibited cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, And induced genotoxicity of A549 cells. AmB-A21 was more effective in reducing cell proliferation than AmB. The combination of AmB-A21 with carboplatin had a more pronounced effect. Based on these results, we consider AmB-A21 to be a potential candidate for antitumor treatment.

Keywords: Amphotericin A21, Amphotericin B, Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Proliferation, invasiveness, Carboplatin.