European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

META ANALYSIS OF HUMAN GUT VIROME DIVERSITY OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN

Ibrahim Muhammad*, Faryal, Immad Khan and Shabbir Ahmed M.

ABSTRACT

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth usual form of cancer all over the world. Various types of non-pathogenic viruses like Anelloviruses and Sen Viruses (SENV) are single-stranded, hepatotropic DNA virus. The etiologic role for SEN in the cryptogenic hepatitis could not be recognized, nor was it linked with more severe hepatitis. Methodology: Data of four research scholars were collected and meta-analysis were performed for the presence of SEN viruses and Anelloviruses. Statistical analysis was performed and p<0.005 were define as statistically significant. Results: Among the total 242 normal individuals selected, No one was found infected with SENV and Anelloviruses. Characterization of SENV and Anelloviruses among Celiac disease patients showed the presence of SENVH 4/48 (P=0.004) as statistically significant. Leukemic patients were found at a risk for Anelloviruses as 4/30 (P=0.005) were found positive for TTV, 9/30 (P=0.000) for TTMV and TTMDV each. Hepatocellular patients were at greater risk for SENV viruses like 150/150 (P=0.000) SENVH and 72/150 (P=0.000) were found infected with SENVD. A total of 4/10 (P=0.677) for SENVH while 2/10 (P=0.861) for SENVD among HCV-non-HCC patients. Conclusion: It is concluded from the current study that the presence of an infection/disease may open a clue for the establishment of non-pathogenic viruses like SENV and Anelloviruses. Furthermore, the presence of non-pathogenic viruses might exaggerate the pathogenesis of present disease in the host.

Keywords: Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hepatitis C Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, Anelloviruses, Senviruses.