European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL (CNS) SCREENING OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OBTAINED FROM MELIA AZEDARACH (LEAF)

Raja Majumder*, Durgesh Ranjan Kar, Shaibal Chandra, Partha Pratim Das, Sarbani Das, Monami Bhattacharyya and Gouranga Sundar Roy

ABSTRACT

Melia azedarach plant or its parts (leaves, roots, and stem) are used for different medicinal purposes by indigenous and tribal people of different parts of India. They have been used this plant traditionally to treat dental pain, rheumatic pain, leprosy, itching, blood purifier, asthma, and cough. The analgesic efficacy of leaf methanolic extract was evaluated through radiant heat and tail flick techniques. Brewer's yeast-induced fever models in rats were used to assess the antipyretic efficacy. An actophotometer was used to track each mouse's spontaneous locomotor activity for 10 minutes. To assess muscle relaxant activity, mice (weight 30-40 g) were placed on a rotarod (32 mm diameter) at a speed of 20 rpm. For this study, mice with a latency period of 3-5 minutes were chosen for three consecutive sessions, and the time to fall off the rod was recorded. In comparison to the control group of mice, the methanolic extract at dose levels of 100 and 200 mg/kg demonstrated a central analgesic effect by significantly increasing reaction time in Eddy's hot plate method and tail flick method. Aspirin and methanolic extract of Melia azedarach at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, respectively, began to display significant (p<0.05) antipyretic activity when compared to the control group. Methanolic extracts lowered motor coordination following oral therapy, according to motor coordination tests. Different dosages of extract altered pain and touch responses; modified righting, pinna, and corneal reflexes; and produced slight depression in patterns associated with alertness and consciousness as compared to control (0.9%w/v) normal saline. Melia azedarach extract has been demonstrated to have analgesic, antipyretic, muscle relaxing, and antidepressant qualities.

Keywords: Analgesic activity, Locomotor activity, Flavonoid, CNS depressant, Alkaloid, Hexadecanoic acid.