European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT AND NEPHRO PROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF TERMINALIA CATAPPA LEAF ON KIDNEYS OF WISTAR RATS EXPOSED TO AUGUMENTIN – INDUCED DAMAGE

Erigbali P. P.*, Arhoghro E. M., Sule O. J. and Nordee J. V.

ABSTRACT

This research was aimed at studying the potential protective benefit of ethanol extract of Terminalia catappa to the
kidneys of rats exposed to tissue damage by treatment with augmentin. Thirty rats were placed in five groups a –
e. Each group had 6 rats at random weighting between 150g to 200g. They were treated as follows; group a and b
(that served as normal and positive control respectively) were administered 10ml/kg normal saline, group c and d
(that served as test group 1 and 2) were given 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg per body weight doses of the extract in
that order and group e (standard) was orally administered 200 mg/kg dose of vitamin E for the first 14 days. From
the 15th to 21st day, the group b, c, d, and e were all administered oral dose of 30mg/kg augmentin daily. On the
22nd day, the rats were sacrificed and blood sample was obtained by cardiac puncture to analyze function of
kidney. Two grams portion of Kidney tissues was obtained for homogenate used in the antioxidant studies. Results
showed that in the positive control group that was subjected to augmentin treatment, augmentin administration
caused a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum concentrations of urea (110.46±14.18), creatinine (1.87±0.15) and
total bilirubin (1.01±0.07) relative to normal control rats. But, treatment with 200 mg/kg b.wt and 400 mg/kg b.wt
of Terminalia Catappa showed a significant (p<0.05), dose dependent decrease in serum concentrations of urea
(92.55±15.01 and 79.08±2.93), creatinine (1.20±0.13 and 1.04±0.15), and total bilirubin (0.60±0.05 and
0.44±0.04) respectively, compared to the augmentin treated group. Meanwhile, antioxidant analysis shows that
augmentin administration caused a significant reduction (p<0.05) in kidney SOD (3.89±1.06), Catalase
(2.51±0.24) and GSH (2.59±0.33) activities in the positive control and a significant increase (p<0.05) in kidney
MDA concentration (4.80±0.44) compared to the normal control group. Meanwhile, treatment with 200 mg/kg
b.wt and 400 mg/kg b.wt doses of Terminalia Catappa caused a significant (p<0.05) elevation of kidney activities
of SOD (7.46±1.15 and 9.73±1.46) Catalase (3.85±0.24 and 4.18±0.39) and GSH (4.15±0.55 and 4.80±0.26) in a
dose dependent manner, and a significant decrease in the kidney MDA (3.15±0.21 and 2.90±0.11) concentration
when compared to the augmentin treated group. In conclusion, administration of the extract of T. catappa to albino
rats that are exposed to tissue damage provides protective health benefit for the kidneys in a manner that appears
to be dose dependent. Although, additional studies may be required if the precise mechanisms involved could be
elucidated.

Keywords: Augmentin, CKD, creatinine, antioxidant, terminalia catappa, nephroprotective.