ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTOSIS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Pritha Singha Roy*, Sourav Hazra and Soumadip Biswas
ABSTRACT
Essential Thrombocytosis (ET) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by persistent thrombocytosis,
contributing to an increased risk of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. This comprehensive review aims
to elucidate the intricate pathophysiology underlying ET, encompassing genetic mutations, bone marrow
microenvironment interactions, and cytokine dysregulation. The diagnostic criteria and tools for accurate ET
identification are discussed, emphasizing the importance of molecular markers such as JAK2, CALR, and MPL
mutations. Furthermore, the review delves into the diverse clinical presentations of ET and its association with
other hematological disorders. Effective management strategies are explored, encompassing risk stratification,
treatment modalities, and emerging therapeutic options. The intricate balance between thrombotic and bleeding
risks guides therapeutic decisions, with a focus on cytoreduction, antiplatelet agents, and novel targeted therapies.
The evolving landscape of ET research and the potential impact of precision medicine on its management are also
highlighted. This comprehensive overview aims to provide clinicians and researchers with a nuanced
understanding of essential thrombocytosis for optimized patient care and ongoing advancements in the field.
Keywords: Essential Thrombocytosis, Myeloproliferative Neoplasm, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, JAK2 Mutation, CALR Mutation, MPL Mutation, Thrombosis, Hemorrhage, Risk Stratification, Cytoreduction, Antiplatelet Agents, Precision Medicine, Management Strategies, Emer
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