FRESH INSIGHTS INTO GOUTY ARTHRITIS AND ITS NOVEL TREATMENT STRATEGIES
Angela A. Thomas*, Lekshmy Satheesh, Arya Chandran and Dr. Sini S. G.
ABSTRACT
Gout is a prevalent disorder that has experienced a substantial increase in both incidence and frequency in the last 30 years. It is a urate crystal deposition disease caused by underlying hyperuricemia. It has been suggested that food and genetic factors contribute to elevated levels of monosodium. The diagnosis is based on the detection of uric acid crystals in tissues, body fluids, or joints. The objectives of treatment include stopping the acute attack, preventing further episodes, and preventing side effects from urate crystals accumulating in tissues. The focus of this review article will be on the most recent epidemiology, pathogenesis, modern diagnostic techniques, drugs to lower uric acid levels, and non-pharmacological therapy to enhance patient’s quality of life. The two main goals of gout treatment are to reduce serum urate to a level that stops additional urate crystal formation and to relieve the pain associated with an acute gouty episode. Oral Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS), oral colchicine, oral corticosteroids are the medications most frequently used for acute attacks. Benzbromarone, Pegloticase, Febuxostat, Probenecid, and Allopurinol are among the frequently used urate-lowering medications. The approved treatments for gout have certain limits, particularly when treating patients with comorbidities. New treatments to treat and prevent gout flare-ups and underlying hyperuricemia have been found as an impact of a better understanding of the pathophysiology of gout. Some of the newer therapy includes Anakinra, Canakinumab, Rilonacept.
Keywords: Gout, Hyperuricemia, Anakinra, Benzbromarone, Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor, Newer therapy for Gout.
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