European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN COVID POSITIVE WOMEN WITH GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Kumari Ankita*, Sahu Latika, Singh Preeti and Garg Rachita

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical disorders found in pregnancy. It has become a global public health burden, especially in Asians who are genetically more prone to insulin resistance. .SARS-CoV-2 infection causes respiratory distress syndrome and multisystem organ failure. Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to respiratory pathogens and severe pneumonia. Diabetes is a major risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Objective: To find the maternal and perinatal outcomes in terms of, cesarean section rate, prevalence of preterm delivery, live births and APGAR score in COVID positive patients with GDM. Methods: Prospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Results: Total 60 participants were included and divided into two groups of COVID positive (group A) and negative (group B) women with GDM. COVID positive women had more spontaneous onset of labor (80%) but caesarean delivery (53.3%) at comparatively preterm gestation (66.7%) than COVID negative women who had successful vaginal deliveries (70%) at term gestation (70%). However, live birth rate was equal in both the groups (93.3%) with APGAR score majorly 9 but nursery/NICU admission was higher in group A (56.7%). No congenital anomalies were noted in COVID group also no case of vertical transmission of infection. Conclusion: COVID infection in pregnant women with GDM has favourable perinatal outcome with respect to high live birth rate, no congenital anomalies, but also did increase maternal morbidity in view of high caesarean deliveries and perinatal morbidity in view of high prematurity of newborns. Multi disciplinary approach for management of both co-morbidities can prevent most of their adverse outcomes.

Keywords: COVID, GDM, Caesarean delivery, Nursery/NICU, Preterm.