European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

LUNG CANCER – AN UPDATED REVIEW

Md. Mujahedul Islam*, Aashutosh Sinwal, Ishu, Mukesh Choudhary, Waseem Ahmad and Vade Akash

ABSTRACT

The unchecked proliferation of lung cells is the hallmark of lung cancer. The most common cancer-related fatality worldwide is lung cancer. Both new cases and deaths from lung cancer are on the rise worldwide. Males and females aged 70 and up have the highest risk of developing lung cancer. Concern for lung cancer should be raised in smokers or former smokers if they develop a new cough, as it occurs in around 50% of patients with lung cancer. There is still a lot we don't know about the complicated pathophysiology of lung cancer. People who smoke cigarettes or are exposed to carcinogens regularly may develop dysplasia of the lung epithelium. When diagnosing lung cancer, the two most common methods are flexible bronchoscopy and transthoracic sampling. Immunotherapy works by enhancing the immune system's ability to detect and respond to cancer cells as foreign invaders. Radiation treatment followed by four to six chemotherapy cycles is the standard treatment for LS-SCLC that involves mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes.

Keywords: Lung cancer, Small cell carcinoma, Large cell carcinoma, Bronchoscopy, Programmed death receptor, PET-CT.