European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF COMPOUNDS IN PATCHOULI (POGOSTEMON CABLIN BENTH) ESSENTIAL OIL

Ni Made Suaniti* and Ni Made Widaria Mea Lestari

ABSTRACT

Essential oils, or volatile oils, are secondary metabolites generated by higher plants from a variety of plant components, including patchouli. Nerelodol, patchoulenone, and patchoulol are the chemicals found in patchouli oil, which is usually collected from the tropical herb patchouli plant. Patchouli essential oil is frequently used in fragrances, medications, and cosmetics. An instance of patchouli oil''s application in medicine and cosmetics is in a hair tonic solution. In order to stop hair loss, it is simple to apply, absorbs fast, and leaves the scalp feeling non-sticky. These essential oils can be obtained by extraction, distillation, or pressing. Analytical method used was Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aside from that, this research analyzed a number of hair tonic samples utilizing SNI. The results of the analysis of patchouli essential oil of sample A (self-distilled essential oil) in accordance with SNI meet the good requirements of the organoleptic test, namely: reddish yellow in color with a typical patchouli aroma, solubility in alcohol is 1:9, specific gravity test is 0.964, number test acid is 5.2, ester number test is 18, patchouli content test is 12.87%. Meanwhile, the alcohol solubility value of sample B''s patchouli essential oil (a traditional essential oil) is still 1:11, which is beyond the recommended maximum of 1:10, and so does not comply with SNI. The remainder for sample B complies with SNI the organoleptic test yields a yellow color and a patchouli scent, but one that is somewhat faded. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry is used to compare the research and commercial results of patchouli essential oil analysis. Sample A (self-distilled sample) yielded 34 chemical compound components found in essential oils, while Sample B (Commercial Essential Oil Sample) yielded none. 61 different kinds of chemical compound components that are present in patchouli essential oil were identified.The result is that the essential oils utilized in the research, as well as the preparation of a hair tonic with a mixture of patchouli essential oils, in accordance with the SNI criteria.

Keywords: essential oils, patchouli oil, hair tonic, gc-ms.