European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

FORMULATION DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF METRONIDAZOLE PERIODONTAL FILM IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DENTAL INFECTIONS

Himanshu Sharma*, Dr. Revathi A. Gupta, Dr. Gaurav Jain, Jaydeep Singh and Shivangini Rathore

ABSTRACT

Objective: The study aims to design, develop, and evaluate a metronidazole-loaded periodontal film for targeted delivery in the management of dental infections, specifically periodontitis. Background: Periodontitis is a prevalent dental condition characterized by inflammation and infection of the supporting structures of the teeth. Localized drug delivery systems, such as periodontal films, offer targeted therapy, enhancing drug efficacy and reducing systemic side effects. Methods: Metronidazole, a potent antimicrobial agent, was selected for its efficacy against anaerobic bacteria commonly found in periodontal infections. The films were formulated using biodegradable polymers, such as chitosan and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), to ensure controlled drug release. Various formulations were prepared by solvent casting method. The physicochemical properties of the films, including thickness, weight uniformity, folding endurance, and drug content, were evaluated. In vitro drug release studies were conducted using a simulated periodontal fluid (SPF) to assess the release profile of metronidazole from the films. The antibacterial efficacy of the films was tested against common periodontal pathogens using agar diffusion method. Results: The formulated films demonstrated satisfactory physicochemical properties, with uniform thickness and weight, high folding endurance, and consistent drug content. In vitro release studies indicated a controlled and sustained release of metronidazole over a period of 7 days. The optimized formulation showed a release pattern fitting the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, indicating anomalous (non-Fickian) diffusion. Antibacterial studies confirmed significant inhibition zones against *Porphyromonas gingivalis* and *Prevotella intermedia*, demonstrating the efficacy of the films in combating periodontal pathogens. Conclusion: The metronidazole-loaded periodontal films developed in this study exhibit promising potential as a localized drug delivery system for the effective management of periodontitis. The films provide controlled and sustained release of the drug, ensuring prolonged therapeutic action at the site of infection, which could enhance patient compliance and treatment outcomes.

Keywords: Metronidazole, Periodontal Film, Dental Infections, Local Drug Delivery, Periodontitis, Biodegradable Polymers, Controlled Release.