European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A PROMISING STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ANTITUBERCULAR DRUGS

Jaseena P.*, Megha H. and Prof. Dr. N. Tamil Selvan

ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with significant morbidity and mortality despite existing treatments. Tuberculosis is a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air. It becomes deadly disease due to drug resistance, which generally developed in a couple of months, weeks, day or hours. This resistance mainly developed due to non-availability of drug, discontinuation or patient noncompliance. Therefore, the development of intelligent drug release systems is essential. Nanoparticle delivery systems are promising strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety, overcoming challenges. Among these systems, a natural polysaccharide called chitosan, a derivative of chitin, has gained considerable attention as a biocompatible, biodegradable, and mucoadhesive material for creating nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles provide several advantages, including improved stability, cellular uptake, solubility of antitubercular drugs, modulation of release kinetics, and biodistribution. Additionally, chitosan nanoparticles can be modified on their surface with ligands or stimuli-responsive moieties to achieve targeted delivery to specific tubercular cells or tissues. This review explores recent advances in chitosan-based nanoparticle drug delivery and their applications in tubercular therapy. Enhancing the efficacy and safety of antitubercular drugs through innovative delivery systems like chitosan nanoparticles has gained attention in recent research. This journal review aims to critically evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan nanoparticle delivery systems in improving the outcomes of antitubercular therapy.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, Drug resistance, Nanoparticle, Chitosan, Mucoadhesive.