CORRELATION BETWEEN PHENOLIC PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI EXTRACT
Konan Dibi Jacques*, Nikiema Diakaridja, Konan Kouassi Pierre Alain, Belemlilga Bonewendé Mohamed, Mamyrbekova-Bekro Janat Akhanovna and Bekro Yves-Alain
ABSTRACT
This study explores the relationship between the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus niruri. Phenolic compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins, are known for their antioxidant properties, and their quantification was carried out using spectrophotometric methods (notably the Folin-Ciocalteu method for total polyphenols). Antioxidant activity was measured by standard tests such as DPPH and FRAP, expressing the ability of the extract to neutralize free radicals. The phytochemical screening carried out on the whole plant extract studied revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. The total polyphenol content of ethanolic extract (in mg EAG/g) is 515.62 ± 6.75. That of flavonoids (in mgEQ/gE) is 26.32 ± 1.21; the tannin content (in mgEC/gE) is 11.48 ± 1.35. The ethanolic extract studied has appreciable antioxidant power. The DPPH method gives a value of 0.013 mg/ml. As for the FRAP test, it gives the following values 146 ± 0.85 mMET/g DM (millimoles of Trolox equivalents per gram of dry matter) and 17.75 ± 0.1 mMEV/g DM (millimoles of vitamin C equivalents per gram of dry matter). Phenolic compounds are well known for their ability to scavenge free radicals, which explains the high antioxidant activity in the Trolox-based assay. The study demonstrates that the phenolic compounds of Phyllanthus niruri largely contribute to its antioxidant potential. These results confirm the importance of this plant in the prevention and treatment of diseases linked to oxidative stress and open perspectives for its use in herbal medicine as a natural antioxidant agent.
Keywords: Phyllanthus niruri; phytochemical composition; total phenols; antioxidant activity.
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