European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF LEAVES OF CORCHORUS TRILOCULARIS

Abhishek Mishra*, Satkar Prasad and Khushboo Chauhan

ABSTRACT

Diabetes has been recognized as a major health problem worldwide for the twenty-first century. Developing
countries of Asia and Africa are the most viable areas where the disease is feared to raise 2–3 folds. A survey
revealed that it is expected to increase to 366 million people by 2030 worldwide In particular, the number of
people with diabetes in India is around 40.9 million by 2004 and is expected to rise to 69.9 million by 2030. India
leads the world with largest number of diabetic subjects thus earning the dubious distinction of being termed the
‘‘Diabetes Capital of the World”. The disease imposes huge human and economic costs on patients, their families,
local communities, health care systems, and societies. Diabetes mellitus was known to ancient Indian physicians
as ‘madumeha’. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic and metabolic disease affecting glucose, fat, and protein
metabolism Diabetes is defined as a state in which homeostasis of carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism is
improperly regulated as a consequence of a relative or absolute deficiency of insulin secretion, resistance to insulin
action or both at one or more points in the complex pathways of hormone action. This results primarily in elevated
fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels. If this imbalanced homeostasis doesn’t return to normalcy and
continuous for a protracted period of time, it leads to hyperglycemia that is due course turns into a syndrome
called diabetes mellitus

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, insulin secretion, hyperglycemia, carbohydrate.