COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON HYPHENATED TECHNIQUES: EXPLORING THE ROLE OF GC-MS AND LC-MS/MS IN MODERN APPLICATIONS
Kamalakannan Dhanabalan*, Manivannan R., Ashwini P., Gunasekaran S., Krishna Priya S., Mohammed Aadhil S. and Niranjani M.
ABSTRACT
Hyphenated techniques, which combine two or more analytical methods, have revolutionized the field of analytical chemistry by enabling highly sensitive, specific, and comprehensive analysis of complex samples. This article provides an overview of several commonly used hyphenated techniques, focusing on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These methods are powerful tools in a wide array of applications, offering unparalleled precision and versatility for detecting, quantifying, and identifying compounds in diverse fields. The article delves into the technical principles of GC-MS and LC-MS/MS, highlighting their integration and complementary strengths in analyzing volatile and non-volatile compounds, respectively. Key applications in environmental monitoring, food safety, pharmacology, and clinical diagnostics are discussed, with a focus on how these techniques contribute to the detection of trace elements, metabolites, contaminants, and biomarkers. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the advantages of using hyphenated techniques, including improved resolution, sensitivity, and the ability to handle complex sample matrices. Through case studies and experimental data, the article demonstrates the practical value of GC-MS and LC-MS/MS in real-world applications, underscoring their significance in modern analytical laboratories. This comprehensive overview highlights the ongoing advancements and future potential of hyphenated techniques in research and industry.
Keywords: Hyphenated techniques, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS, Analytical chemistry, Applications.
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