PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF EUGENIA UNIFLORA LEAF EXTRACT ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND IMMUNE FUNCTION IN ALBINO RATS EXPOSED TO CYPERMETHRIN-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS
Madubuike A. J.*, Igwe K. K.1, Nwuke C. P. and Ohaeri O. C.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Eugenia uniflora leaf extract on hematological parameters
and immune function in albino rats exposed to cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress. Thirty female Wistar rats
were acclimatized and divided into six groups, receiving various treatments, including a control group, a toxicant
group (cypermethrin), and groups treated with the extract alone or in combination with the toxicant. Blood
samples were collected for analysis of hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC) count,
total white blood cell (TWBC) count, and leukocyte differentials. Automated hematology analyzers and
microscopic techniques were utilized for precise measurements. The control group exhibited optimal
hematological parameters, while the toxicant group showed significant (P≤0.05) reductions in Hb (13.90 g/dl) and
RBC (5.48 x 10^6/mm³), indicating potential anemia. Conversely, the extract-only group demonstrated a Hb level
of 17.40 g/dl, comparable to control values. Combinations of the toxicant with various doses of the extract showed
varying effects, with some doses mitigating but not fully restoring hematological parameters. Eugenia uniflora leaf
extract appears to exert a protective effect on hematological parameters and immune function in albino rats
exposed to oxidative stress. The findings support the therapeutic potential of Eugenia uniflora in managing
oxidative stress-related conditions and highlight its role in promoting overall hematological health.
Keywords: Eugenia uniflora, Hematological effects, Oxidative stress, Cypermethrin, Albino rats.
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