THE PREVALENCE OF ALBUMINURIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN NORTHERN CITIES AND KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ
Dr. Karzan M. Abdullah*
ABSTRACT
Proteinuria, which indicates an elevated presence of protein in the urine, is a crucial marker for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a predictor of cardiovascular events. The prevalence of proteinuria varies a lot due to different factors such as hypertension (HTN), as well as heart disease, history of CKD and gender. So, this research aims to study the association relation between the prevalence of albuminuria with different morbidities such as: HTN and heart disease, in addition to demographic factors like and gender, in primary health centers in the Northern of Iraq. In this cross – sectional study we enrolled 2700 patients from all Iraq major cities: Kurdistan region, Erbil, Sulimanyah, Baghdad, Hilla, Karbala, Nseriya, in which data was collected from there hospital and clinics from October 2023 to February 2024. Chi-square test was used to determine the relations between the presence of albuminuria and the studied parameters. This study showed that the prevalence of albuminuria among 2,700 patients from northern Iraq was 21%. The patients were divided as follows: 52.7% were hypertensive, 52.6% were obese, 22.1% had heart diseases, 37.3% were male, and 62.7% were female. The mean age was 53.92 ± 13.564 years. Hypertension, heart disease, obesity, and gender were significantly associated with the presence of albuminuria, with p-values of 0.000, 0.004, 0.006, and 0.015, respectively.
Keywords: chronic kidney disease, Hypertension, Prevalence, Iraq, Proteinuria.
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