European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

RECURRENT PNEUMONIA DUE TO AN UNDIAGNOSED BRONCHIAL FOREIGN BODY: A RARE CASE OF BONY FRAGMENT ASPIRATION IN AN ADULT

Dr. Y. Bougrini*, M. A. Hda, M. C. Benjelloun and A. Ouarssani

ABSTRACT

Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent potentially fatal complications, particularly in cases of complete airway obstruction. While FBA is commonly encountered in pediatric patients, it is rare in adults and often presents atypically, leading to delayed diagnosis. This report highlights a unique case of a 63-year-old adult with recurrent pneumonia caused by an unrecognized endobronchial foreign body. Adult FBA often lacks the hallmark penetration syndrome seen in children, contributing to diagnostic challenges. The most common complications include recurrent pneumonia, bronchiectasis, pulmonary abscess, and granulomatous reactions. Imaging is essential for diagnosis, with chest X-rays detecting radiopaque foreign bodies or indirect signs, while CT remains the gold standard due to its high sensitivity and specificity. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for FBA in adults with recurrent or unexplained respiratory symptoms, even in the absence of typical risk factors or events. Early bronchoscopy for diagnosis and removal is essential to prevent complications and ensure favorable outcomes.

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