European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PREVALENCE OF BACTERIOLOGICAL AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PROFILE AMONG URINARY TRACT INFECTION PATIENTS: A STUDY FROM A MULTISPECIALITIES HOSPITAL IN ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

S. Janardhana Reddy, R. Alekhya, Sripriya A., P. Vijaya, V. Anuradha and Meenakshi Kante

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Any portion of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, can get infected. We refer to it as an infection of the urinary tract. The most prevalent uropathogen, Escherichia coli, is responsible for about 80% of UTIs. The prevalence of medication resistance in urinary tract infections has been rising globally. The improper and careless use of antibiotics causes bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance. The current study's objective is to identify frequent UTI-causing bacteria and the patterns of antibiotic resistance they exhibit. Methods: Urinary pathogens were identified by culture and antibiogram. Results: During the study period from December 2023 to February 2024, a total of 200 patients were enrolled with the largest proportion coming from Gynaecology (55%) followed by Medicine (26%) and Urology (19%). Among the 145 cases that tested positive for cultures, E. coli emerged as the most prevalent uropathogen, particularly among individuals aged 41 to 60. In patients younger than 20 years, no uropathogens were detected. Regarding gender, E. coli was the most common in both male and female patients. Analysis of antibiotic resistance showed significant resistance of E. coli to ampicillin, with varying levels of resistance among Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates. Conclusion: This research highlights the growing issue of antimicrobial resistance in uropathogens and the necessity for tailored antibiotic strategies based on specific regions. Empirical management of urinary tract infections should be informed by regional resistance trends to enhance patient outcomes and mitigate the spread of multidrug-resistant infections.

Keywords: Urinary Tract Infections, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli, culture, Drug Resistance, Bacterial Drug Therapy.