Abstract
THE HIGH FAT DIET- STREPTAZOTOCIN RAT MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Beligari Bhanu Shree* and Jorige Archana

ABSTRACT

Diabetes is a metabolic condition, with Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) being particularly complex. This review focuses on induction of T2DM using the high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) in rodents. The combination of HFD-STZ administration is a common method to induce T2DM in experimental animals. However, variations exist in the type of food, duration of the HFD, and doses of STZ injections. This method simulates the pathophysiology of human T2DM by initially inducing insulin resistance through extended high-fat diet exposure, followed by partial destruction of pancreatic β-cells with a low dose of STZ. The HFD-STZ model effectively mirrors the progressive nature of T2DM, marked by initial insulin resistance and subsequent β-cell dysfunction. The review aims to evaluate the mechanisms, pathophysiology, and pharmacology of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes (T2D), Metabolic syndrome, High fat diet (HFD), Streptozotocin, Hyperinsulinemia, Hyperglycemia.


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