European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA MOST COMMON TYPES, RISK FACTORS, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND HOW TO PREVENT ASSOCIATED COMPLICATIONS AFTER TREATMENT IN FEMALES

*Muna Alkawaldeh MD., Duaa Shurbaji MD., Alhareth Azaizeh MD., Mohammad Al-Saudi MD., Raja Al-khalaileh MD., Jana Aldaradkeh MDS. and Abdullah Aldaradkeh MDS.

ABSTRACT

Background: Non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a cancer, which starts in white blood cells named lymphocytes, which are part of the body’s immune system. Non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma as term is used for many different types of lymphoma that all share some of the same traits. It affects adults mostly. Lymphomas may start in any lymph tissue in the body. Mostly it is seen in lymph nodes, Spleen, Bone marrow, thymus, adenoids, tonsils and digestive tract. We have two types of lymphomas B-cell and T-cell lymphomas; these are white blood cells that fight infection in human body. Treatment of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma depends on the type of cell affected. Lymphoma can start in either type of lymphocytes, but B-cell lymphomas are most common. Methodology: Retrospective study will be done, with a sample size (100-130) lymphoma cases, these cases were seen by Medical oncologist specialist in Military cancer center in (2024-2025). Data will be collected by using patient file record, also by phone calls when needed, and interviewing patients when visiting outpatient clinic on follow up appointment. Concentration on side effect of treatment on females specially complications like infertility, thyroid and breast problems. Risk factors of non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma like age, gender, and smoking will be discussed. Pathologists who are participating in the study will concentrate on types and pathology of disease. Spss will be used for data analyses. Results: sociodemographic factors that was suggested to have effect on NHL patients it was obvious that it was seen in females more than males the results showed that it was 54% in females in comparison to 46% in males. NHL was seen mostly in the med region it was around 60% of the cases while it was least seen in south 16% but in north it was around 23%. It was statistically significant that main cause in patient was Idiopathic and the percentage was 89.2%. Also 75.3% of patient who visited the outpatient clinic was more than 60 years old. Conclusion: This study offers meaningful insights into Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Jordan. The higher representation of women, the notable association with smoking, and the high use of radiotherapy highlight unique regional characteristics and clinical challenges.

Keywords: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma NHL, white blood cells WBCs.