European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EVALUATING THE ROLE OF NAGARADI KWATH IN NETRA VYADHI: A CLASSICAL AND CONTEMPORARY REVIEW

*Dr. Pravin Vitthal Chavan and Dr. Chandrashekhar N. Mule

ABSTRACT

Background: Netra Vyadhi (ophthalmic disorders) are a significant group of ailments detailed in classical Ayurvedic literature. While numerous local therapies (Kriya Kalpa) and formulations are prescribed, the exploration of systemic medications with indirect benefits remains a pertinent area of research. Nagaradhi Kwath, also known as Amruthotharam Kashayam, is a classical Ayurvedic decoction renowned for its anti-pyretic (Jwarahara) and anti-inflammatory (Aamapachaka) properties. Its primary indication is for fever (Jwara) and rheumatoid conditions (Aamavata). Objective: This review aims to conduct a thorough literary analysis of Netra Vyadhi and Nagaradhi Kwath from classical Ayurvedic texts and contemporary scientific literature. It seeks to evaluate the theoretical basis and pharmacological rationale for the potential application of Nagaradhi Kwath in the management of specific ophthalmic disorders. Methods: A comprehensive review of major Ayurvedic treatises including the Brihatrayi and Laghutrayi, along with pharmacopoeias and compendiums like Sahasrayogam and Bhaishajya Ratnavali, was performed. Concurrently, modern research databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and the AYUSH Research Portal were searched for studies on the constituent herbs of Nagaradhi Kwath and their relevance to inflammation and ocular pathology. Results: The review establishes that Nagaradhi Kwath is a potent formulation with established anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, detoxifying (Aamapachaka), and antioxidant properties, attributed to its ingredients: Nagara (Zingiber officinale), Amrutha (Tinospora cordifolia), and Haritaki (Terminalia chebula). While direct classical indications for Netra Vyadhi are absent, the pathophysiology of several eye diseases, particularly those of an inflammatory (Shotha) and systemic toxic (Aama) origin like Abhishyanda (conjunctivitis/uveitis), aligns with the therapeutic action profile of the Kwath. Furthermore, the inclusion of Haritaki, a well-known Chakshushya (beneficial for eyes) herb, provides a strong rationale for its potential utility. Conclusion: Based on its pharmacological properties and its ability to counteract systemic inflammation and metabolic toxins, Nagaradhi Kwath presents a strong theoretical potential as an adjuvant therapy in the management of select Netra Vyadhis. This review provides a foundational basis for future pre-clinical and clinical research to validate this unexplored therapeutic application.

Keywords: Nagaradhi Kwath, Netra Vyadhi, Ayurveda, Amruthotharam Kashayam, Ophthalmic Disorders, Anti-inflammatory, Chakshushya.