European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EFFECT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS ON MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME

Dr. Rani Varadaraju*, Dr. Ahamed Munshira A.S

ABSTRACT

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as impaired glucose tolerance resulting in hyperglycemia diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. GDM is emerging as a global epidemic constituting significant complications for both mother and fetus. Hence its high time that diagnosis and interventions should be made at its earliest in order to prevent and minimize its effects. Methods: Patients attending the antenatal OPD were screened for GDM using 2hr OGTT. The patients were followed in antenatal period upto delivery. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were studied. Results: Out of 1528 deliveries, total 146 patients diagnosed to have gestational diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of GDM in the population studied was 9.5%. 62% of patients had GDMA2 and was managed with either metformin or insulin or both. Pre-eclampsia complicating pregnancy was noted in 17% patients. Out of the 146 patients, 74% delivered vaginally, 5% had instrument delivery and 21% contributes to LSCS. Conclusions: Gestational diabetes mellitus is identified to be one of the major medical complications in pregnancy causing adverse outcomes to mother and neonates. Evidence suggests that early and timely diagnosis of GDM with vigilant glycemic control can significantly reduce complications as well as difficulties during labour.

Keywords: Diabetes, outcomes, complications, preeclampsia, pregnancy.