BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACALYPHA INDICA AND EVALUTION OF ITS ANTICANCER ACTIVITY ON BONE CANCER (MG63)
Nivedha S.*, Dharnesh S., Shenthilnathan S., Devi P., Ranjith C.
ABSTRACT
Acalypha indica is a common weed with significant medicinal properties that hold value for various human health applications. The present study focuses on the biosynthesis and characterization of Acalypha indica and the evaluation of its anticancer activity against MG-63 bone cancer cell lines. Acalypha indica is a traditional medicinal plant widely distributed across tropical regions and has long been used in Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani systems for treating various ailments such as skin infections, respiratory disorders, and inflammation. Despite its established ethnomedicinal significance, limited scientific data are available to support its anticancer potential, prompting the need for systematic evaluation. In this study, the chloroform leaf extract of Acalypha indica was prepared using the Soxhlet extraction method and tested for cytotoxic activity using the MTT assay. MG-63 bone cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of the extract (5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μg/mL) for 24 hours, and cell viability was measured spectrophotometrically at 570 nm. The extract exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect, with cell viability reducing from 49% at 5 μg/mL to 29% at 100 μg/mL, indicating moderate to severe cytotoxicity. The maximum cytotoxic effect (71%) was observed at the highest concentration, while the control group showed no cytotoxic response. These findings demonstrate that Acalypha indica possesses bioactive phytoconstituents with promising anticancer potential. The study scientifically validates traditional claims regarding the plant’s therapeutic value and suggests its possible development as a natural anticancer agent for bone cancer treatment.
Keywords: Acalypha indica, MG-63 cell line, anticancer activity, MTT assay, cytotoxicity and Soxhlet extraction.
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