European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON CLINICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE AND SHORT TERM TREATMENT OUTCOME OF WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA

Dr. Priya Mehar, *Dr. Latika Sahu, Dr. Y. M. Mala, Dr. Priyanka Ahuja, Dr. Pallavi Pathak, Dr. Rachita Garg

ABSTRACT

Background: Endometrial hyperplasia[EH] is a precursor to endometrial carcinoma. Its clinical presentation, risk factors, and outcomes vary across populations, and data from Indian women remain limited. Objective: To study the demographic, clinical, histopathological profile of women with EH and to assess short term treatment outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 50 women with histopathologically confirmed endometrial hyperplasia attending the gynecology outpatient department at MAMC & Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, between May 2023 and April 2024. Clinical history, risk factors, ultrasound findings, and histopathology were recorded. Patients were managed with oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS), or total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, depending on histology and clinical profile. Outcomes were assessed at 6 months. Results: The mean age of participants was 45.7 ± 8.9 years. Most patients were multiparous (84%) and overweight/obese (98%). The predominant symptoms were heavy menstrual bleeding (74%) and frequent cycles (48%). Co morbidities included diabetes (20%), hypertension (16%), and thyroid disorders (16%). Histopathology revealed benign hyperplasia in 82% and atypical hyperplasia in 18%. Atypical hyperplasia cases were significantly older (mean 51.3 vs. 44.4 years; p=0.034). Uterus size was significantly associated with atypical hyperplasia (p=0.026). At 6 months, 91.4% of women treated with MPA or LNG-IUS achieved complete histological regression. Conclusion: EH in Indian women predominantly affects multiparous, overweight, and perimenopausal women. Older age and increased uterine size were associated with atypical hyperplasia. Continuous oral progesterone and LNG-IUS were effective in achieving disease regression, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and management.

Keywords: Endometrial hyperplasia, premalignant, endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia, progesterone therapy, hysterectomy.