European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EVALUATION OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COCOS NUCIFERA EMBRYO

Mr. Manjunath C. J.*, Mrs. Aparna Lakshmi I., Mr. Shivanand M. R., Chandrakala, Shreedevi Kori, Spoorthi, Spoorthy K. S., Veena Malipatil

ABSTRACT

Aim:
Antimicrobials are substances used to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. This
activity plays a crucial role in preventing and controlling infections, ensuring public health, and preserving the
quality and safety of pharmaceutical and food products. The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera) belongs to Arecaceae
family and biologically active compounds such as flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins,
carbohydrates and proteins etc. which are essent ial for antimicrobial activity. Cocos nucifera embryo has been
widely used in traditional treatments for numerous human diseases in many parts of the world of various ailments,
including allergic reactions, headaches, dizziness, liver damage, Anaemia, Anxi ety etc. However, no reports are
published till today regarding embryo of cocous nucifera for In vitro antimicrobial activity. Hence presence study
is an attempt to explore its antimicrobial potency and to find phytochemical constituents. Methods and mater ials:
The In vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated by using Broth micro dilution method. Results: Phytochemical
investigation of Cocos nucifera embryo rev ealed that ethanolic extract contains flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins,
alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, carbohydrates and proteins etc. The In vitro results of Broth micro dilution method
showed significant antimicrobial activity results revealed that the standard drug Ampicillin exhibited strong
activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
of 0.19 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and 25 mg/ml against Escherichia coli. In comparison, the Co cos
nucifera ethanol extract showed relatively moderate antimicrobial activity, with an MIC of 15 µl/ml against
Staphylococcus aureus and 40 µl/ml against Escherichia coli. These findings indicate that Ampicillin is more
potent, especially against Gram pos itive bacteria. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the bioactive compounds
in the plant extract could be developed for therapeutic applications.

Keywords: Cocos nucifera embryo, antimicrobial activity, Ampicillin.