European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: A COMBINED CONVENTIONAL AND PHYTOTHERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVE

Kore Sakshi B., Awati Suhas S.*, Wadkar Kiran A., Mathapati Sunil S., Wadkar Ganesh H., Bagali Rajkumar S.

ABSTRACT

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), also known as hyper androgenic anovulation affects approximately 5–10% of women of reproductive age. It is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by reproductive, metabolic, and psychological manifestations, including irregular menstruation, hyperandrogenism (Hirsutism, acne), obesity, and infertility. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms involve hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance and ovarian dysfunction, which may predispose patients to long-term complications such as Type II diabetes mellitus, CVS disease, and cancer of endometrium. Lifestyle modification, including weight management, regular exercise, and balanced nutrition, remains the first-line therapeutic approach. Pharmacological interventions include anti-androgens such as Spironolactone and Flutamide, metformin for insulin sensitization, and Clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction. In addition to conventional therapies, complementary and herbal medicine is gaining recognition in the management of PCOS. In this review a comprehensive evaluation of 45 medicinal plants and their bioactive phytoconstituents has demonstrated promising outcomes in alleviating PCOS symptoms. Herbs such as Mentha spicata, Pimpinella anisum, Cinnamomum verum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Tribulus terrestris exhibit effects ranging from improved insulin sensitivity and ovulation enhancement to androgen reduction and hormonal regulation. Adaptogenic and estrogenic botanicals, including Ginseng (Panax ginseng), Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), and Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), support stress reduction and overall endocrine balance. Collectively, these phytotherapeutic agents have shown clinical potential in reducing Hirsutism, restoring menstrual cyclicity, and normalizing LH/FSH ratios. These reviews represents a comprehensive evaluation of conventional and herbal strategies, highlighting their mechanisms and potential for an extensive, personalized approach to PCOS care that would enhance the quality of life for PCOS-affected women.

Keywords: Herbal compounds, Infertility, PCOS, Phytotherapeutic agent, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.