European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVES IN SHALYA TANTRA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON THE INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES

Dr. Archhanaa Fattesinh Kadam*, Dr. Sadarla Koteswara Rao

ABSTRACT

Vascular diseases, including Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), Varicose Veins, and Buerger’s disease, represent a significant global health burden characterized by ischemia, chronic pain, and non-healing ulcers. In the domain of Shalya Tantra (Ayurvedic Surgery), these conditions are fundamentally understood as disorders of the Sira (veins) and Dhamani (arteries), primarily involving Vatarakta, Siragata Vata, and Margavarana (obstructive pathology). This research article explores the clinical efficacy of traditional Shalya Tantra interventions—specifically Raktamokshana (Bloodletting via Leech Therapy) and Agnikarma (Thermal Cauterization)—in the management of peripheral vascular impairments. A review of classical Ayurvedic texts (Sushruta Samhita) was integrated with contemporary clinical observations (2025–2026). The study focuses on the application of Jalaukavacharana (Leech Therapy) to improve microcirculation and the use of Shashti Upakrama (sixty procedures of wound management) for associated vascular ulcers. The Shalya Tantra framework provides a viable, minimally invasive alternative or adjunct to conventional vascular surgery. By addressing the root cause of Margavarana and restoring the functional integrity of the vascular walls, these traditional parasurgical techniques offer a cost-effective strategy for limb salvage and improved quality of life in vascular patients.

Keywords: Vascular diseases, Siragata Vata, Raktamokshana, Shashti Upakrama, Traditional, Techniques.