European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

COMPARATIVE SIXER SHOT STUDY BETWEEN ANTEGRADE AND RETROGRADE PERISTALSIS UMPIRING BY ACTION POTENTIAL

Dr. Dhrubo Jyoti Sen, Rishikesh Chatterjee* and Bhagyasri Debnath

ABSTRACT

Viscera of human body is concerned with mouth to stomach which is physiological support of upper half and intestine to rectum is associated with lower part so upper part comes under vomiting and lower part of GIT is associated with bowel clearance. Action potential is an electrical discharge by PQRST the five phase graphical plot inside the cell by sodium influx and potassium efflux to control over the biological wave function towards vomiting center to cause emesis by mouth in upward direction through GIT and bowel evacuation through rectum by downstream direction. In both cases peristalsis action follows antegrade as well retrograde direction to give comfort of body homeostatic physiological behavior. The vomiting out from the gut and stool clearance from anus gives a relief and satisfaction which is followed by peristalsis action through wave that is fully under control by action potential. The electrical discharge through ion channel distributed throughout the body is controlled by polarization of Na+/K+ influx/efflux in cellular level. The movement of a cell's membrane potential to a more positive value is referred to as depolarization. The change in membrane potential from a positive to a negative value is referred to as repolarization. Depolarization is caused by a rapid rise in membrane potential opening of sodium channels in the cellular membrane, resulting in a large influx of sodium ions. Membrane Repolarization results from rapid sodium channel inactivation as well as a large efflux of potassium ions resulting from activated potassium channels. Action potentials conduct with a finite velocity along nerve axons, and the actual velocity depends on a number of factors that include: fibre radius, temperature, functional ion channel number and the presence of a myelin sheath.

Keywords: depolarization, overshoot, repolarization, hyperpolarization, refractory period, PQRST plot, CTZ, vomiting, bowel clearance, chime, antegrade peristalsis, retrograde peristalsis.