ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF NON-STERIODAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDs) ON MENSTRUAL SYMPTOMS AMONG FEMALE UNDERGRADUATES AT UNIVERSITY OF PORT-HARCOURT, NIGERIA
Bagbi B. M.*, Onomuakpokpo O. F., Mgbahurike A. A.
ABSTRACT
Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological problem among young women and a major reason for self-medication
with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs). Although NSAIDs are effective for menstrual pain,
concerns remain about their long-term effects on menstrual characteristics and reproductive health. This study
assessed the prevalence of NSAID use and their influence on menstrual patterns among female undergraduates at
the University of Port Harcourt. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used, and data were collected from 475
students using structured questionnaires. Analysis was carried out using SPSS version 25 with descriptive statistics
and chi-square tests. Findings showed a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea (82.09%), and 86.35% of respondents
reported NSAID use. Piroxicam, ibuprofen, and diclofenac were the most commonly used, with Piroxicam
(Felvin) ranking highest. Many students reported frequent or prolonged use. Significant associations were found
between NSAID use and menstrual changes, including reduced flow volume, shorter duration and altered
menstrual fluid characteristics. Chi-square analysis revealed significant relationships between prolonged NSAID
use and reduced flow (p < 0.01), changes in flow days (p < 0.05), and altered fluid characteristics (p < 0.05). These
findings align with known NSAID mechanisms involving prostaglandin inhibition and potential reversible effects
on ovulation. The study highlights widespread NSAID dependence, menstrual alterations linked to prolonged use,
and limited reproductive health awareness, highlighting the need for better education and pharmacist-led
counseling.
Keywords: NSAIDs, dysmenorrhea, menstrual flow, effluent characteristics, reproductive outcomes, undergraduates.
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