European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

MICROWAVE ASSISTED GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SCHIFF BASE LIGANDS AND THEIR TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES: DESIGN, CHARACTERIZATION AND APPLICATIONS

Vishakha S. Kukade1, Meghasham N. Narule*

ABSTRACT

Study reports the microwave-assisted green synthesis of Schiff base ligands derived from aromatic diamine systems, followed by their coordination with transition metal ions. The synthetic approach significantly reduces reaction time and solvent usage while improving yield and purity. The synthesized ligands, containing azomethine (–C=N–) and azo (–N=N–) functionalities, exhibit strong chelating ability toward transition metals such as Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II). Structural characterization was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Ultraviolet–Visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Thermal stability and decomposition behavior were analyzed using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while crystallographic studies were conducted using X-ray diffraction techniques. The results confirm the formation of stable coordination complexes with defined geometries. The metal complexes demonstrate enhanced biological activity compared to free ligands, indicating their potential applications in medicinal chemistry, catalysis, and materials science.

Keywords: Schiff base; Microwave-assisted synthesis; Green chemistry; Transition metal complexes; Spectroscopy; Coordination chemistry.