European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

MUCOADHESIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

B. Premkumar*, D. Dhachinamoorthi, M. Vikashini

ABSTRACT

Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems (MDDS) are advanced pharmaceutical formulations designed to adhere to the mucosal surfaces of the body, such as the buccal, nasal, ocular, vaginal, rectal, and gastrointestinal mucosa. These systems enhance the residence time of the drug at the site of absorption, thereby improving drug bioavailability, reducing dosing frequency, and increasing patient compliance. Mucoadhesion is achieved through the interaction between mucoadhesive polymers and the mucus layer, allowing controlled and sustained drug release. Various natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic polymers, including chitosan, sodium alginate, carbopol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and polycarbophil, are commonly used in these formulations. Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems are particularly beneficial for drugs that undergo extensive first-pass metabolism, have a short biological half-life, or require localized therapy. Despite challenges such as variability in mucus turnover and limited adhesion time, continuous advancements in polymer science and nanotechnology have significantly improved the effectiveness of these systems. Overall, mucoadhesive drug delivery represents a promising approach for enhancing therapeutic efficacy, minimizing systemic side effects, and providing targeted and sustained drug delivery.

Keywords: Mucoadhesion, Mucoadhesive drug delivery system, Bioadhesion, Mucoadhesive polymers, Controlled drug release, Buccal delivery, Nasal delivery, Drug bioavailability, Sustained release, Targeted drug delivery.