DEVELOPMENT OF A CUMULATIVE ANTIBIOGRAM OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES FROM PUS, SPUTUM AND URINE SAMPLES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Gouri Krishna*, Anuja Anil, Devipriya S., Dr. Akhila S. Arjun, Dr. Chitra C. Nair, Dr. Beena P.
ABSTRACT
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) develops when microorganisms are able to grow and survive in the presence of an antibiotic concentration that is normally sufficient to inhibit or kill them. Antibiotic resistance has become a major global health threat. An antibiogram is a table that summarizes the susceptibility pattern of microorganisms to different classes of antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to create an antibiogram and determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacterial strains isolated from pus, sputum, and urine samples. A total of 307 culture sensitivity reports of bacterial isolates were collected from the microbiology department for creating antibiogram. Based on these reports, antibiograms were prepared and the results showed that Escherichia coli exhibited high resistance to Ampicillin (76%) followed by Cefazolin (71%), while it showed high sensitivity to Tigecycline (97%) and Meropenem (96%). Klebsiella species showed higher resistance to Ampicillin (66%) and Cefazolin (47%) compared to other antibiotics, but high sensitivity to Colistin (94%) followed by Meropenem, Imipenem, and Tigecycline (83%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed high sensitivity to most tested antibiotics, with maximum sensitivity to Colistin (94%) and Meropenem (92%), but 26% resistance to Ciprofloxacin. Staphylococcus species were highly sensitive to Doxycycline and Rifampicin (100%) followed by Vancomycin (97%). Enterococcus species showed high sensitivity to Fosfomycin (100%) and Linezolid (93%) but high resistance to Penicillin (93%) and Ampicillin (60%). Streptococcus species showed resistance mainly to Penicillin (76%) while remaining highly sensitive to several antibiotics. This study concluded that local antibiograms are valuable tools for guiding appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy by identifying prevailing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Continuous surveillance and effective antimicrobial stewardship are essential to combat the growing burden of antimicrobial resistance.
Keywords: Antibiogram, AMR, Enterobacteriaceae, Non-Fermenter group.
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