European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

PHYTOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Khushi Tripathi, Anushka Verma*

ABSTRACT

Hyperlipidemia is a serious metabolic illness marked by high levels of circulating lipids notably low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides and is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Although standard lipid-lowering medicines are beneficial long-term usage may result in side effects unpredictable therapeutic responses poor adherence and residual cardiovascular risk. There has been a growing interest.in naturally produced phytoconstituents with antihyperlipidemic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Their therapeutic use is typically restricted due to poor water solubility instability low gastrointestinal absorption extensive metabolism and low systemic bioavailability. Phytosomes are sophisticated phospholipid-based delivery systems intended to increase the therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability of phytoconstituents that are poorly absorbed. Bioactive plant components interact with phospholipids in phytosomes to create molecular complexes that improve membrane permeability and lipid affinity. An overview of hyperlipidemia its pathogenesis risk factors and current pharmacological care is given in this review. The limits of traditional lipid-lowering medication are then discussed. Important phytoconstituents with antihyperlipidemic potential such as curcumin quercetin kaempferol resveratrol berberine and phytosterols are also summarized. The idea principles process of production preparation techniques and characterisation of phytosomal formulations are then covered in the review. The possible ways that phytosomal systems may improve lipid metabolism increase bioavailability lessen oxidative stress and inflammation and ultimately aid in the management of hyperlipidemia are given special attention. Additionally included are the benefits drawbacks current developments new trends and available preclinical and in vivo data. Lastly prospects for formulation improvement scalable production pharmacokinetic analysis safety evaluation clinical validation and targeted administration are discussed. All things considered phytosomal drug delivery is a viable method for boosting the therapeutic potential of bioactive phytoconstituents and might be a useful supplementary strategy for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and related cardiovascular issues.

Keywords: Hyperlipidemia Dyslipidemia Curcumin Phytosome Phosphatidylcholine Phytoconstituents Lipid-lowering activity Flavonoids Bioavailability Novel drug delivery system.