MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Dr. P. Jijiya Bai*, Dr. Shyamala Srujana, Dr. R. Asok Kumar, Dr. O. Shravan Kumar
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma is a malignant disease characterised by proliferation of clonal plasma cells
in the bone marrow and typically accompanied by the secretion of monoclonal immunoglobulins that are
detectable in the serum or urine. It is the second most commonly diagnosed hematologic malignancy with an
annual incidence and prevalence in the United States of approximately 15,000 and approximately 45,000,
respectively. The incidence is higher with increasing age (median age at diagnosis 67 yr). Multiple Myeloma
accounts for approximately 1% of all malignancies and 10% of hematological malignancies, representing the
second most frequently occuring hematological malignancy in the united states.[1] Aims & Objectives: 1) To
study hematological findings and biochemical parameters in plasma cell Myeloma. 2) To determine optimal
diagnostic markers. 3) Evaluation by international staging system. Materials & Methods: A total of 2458
hemograms over a period of 2 years were studied. 24 cases showed rouleaux formation & increased ESR. These
cases were further evaluated with clinical history, hematological investigations, biochemical analysis and
radiological findings. Results: 24 cases were analyzed, which showed raised ESR and severe anemia in all the
cases. Haematological investigations including bone marrow examination, urine examination confirmed the
diagnosis and all the pateints were graded according to recent staging system. Conclusion: Current research goals
are to further increase our knowledge, to identify additional targeted therapies, and to reduce adverse effects and
improve response rate. This review focuses on recent clinical advancement in myeloma strategies with additional
discussion dedicated to emerging drugs that may prove beneficial to patients with this disease.
Keywords: Plasma cell neoplasm, multiple Myeloma post germinal center B cell.
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