European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

EXTRACTION, FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF YEMENI ARGEMONE MEXICANA LINN AS ANTIMICROBIAL AND WOUNDS HEALING AGENT

Wafa Al-Madhagi*, Issa Albarai, Weam Alariqi, Maher Alammari, Nahlah Mansour Noman, Khaldon
Mohamed

ABSTRACT

Yemen has a rich tradition of plant-based knowledge on healthcare. Traditional medicine in Yemen comprises medical beliefs and practices which are determined by a variety of epidemiology, culture, historical, and economic factor. The Yemeni Argemone mexicana species has different traditional uses as treatment of wounds, stop bleeding and enhance wound healing but it is not studied before. As result of this the aim of this search was to evaluate the antimicrobial and the healing activity of Yemeni Argemone mexicana Linn. The stems and leaves were collected, dried and extracted by different solvents differ in polarity from non-polar to higher one starting with petroleum ether, dichloromethane and methanol. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by well diffusion against two Gram positive bacteria Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus subtilis and three Gram negative E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S.typhi bacteria and one candida. Furthermore, the Healing activity of the methanol extracts of the Argemone mexicana Linn. by measuring their effects on the rabbit of wound healing were assessed by the rabbit of wound closure, period of epithelialization, wound breaking strength, weights of the granulation tissue. Fusidic acid was used as reference standard for the activity comparison. The methanol stem extract of A. mexicana was showed the highest antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi with MIC (20mg/ml) and also it showed activity against (Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) with MIC (10mg/ml). All the tried topical preparations were physically stable at room temperature except emulsifying ointment base. Significant differences in the percentage of wound healing from treated animal groups (rabbit) with ointment and untreated groups with p-value 0.03 were achieved. Non-significant differences in the percentage of wound healing from treated animal groups (rabbits) with ointment and treated groups with fusidic acid in either group normal or infected sample with p-value 0.97, 0.825 respectively. Complete healing was done for normal sample as control and 93.57% for infected sample treated with extract as compare with positive control with 97.14%. The wound healing effects and the anti-bacterial of the methanol extract may be attributed to the presence of phyto constituents like alkaloids, triterpenoids, which confirmed by photochemical screening of the extracts.

Keywords: Argemone Mexicana luteus aeruginosa, and S.typhi phyto extracts.