European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

WIDESPREAD OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION AMONG BLOOD DONORS IN KHARTOUM STATE

Hussam Tahir*, Reham Omer, Mohamed Salah and Osman A. Ashgan

ABSTRACT

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is more common in developing countries and considered as the major cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates, immune compromised individuals especially in organ transplant recipient and other immunosuppressive drug users. Blood transfusion is a major source of infection in such individuals. In the last years transmission of CMV infection through blood transfusion is markedly reduced by transfusion of leukodepleted blood product. Objective: The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of CMV IgG & IgM antibodies among healthy blood donors in the central blood bank of Khartoum State and to investigate possible association between donors age, the type ABO blood group, hematological parameters and CMV serological status. Methodology: 200 participating were recruited from blood donors at central blood bank of Khartoum State (CBBKs). According to the results obtained from CBBKS records, all participating were negative for HBsAg, HIV 1/2 antibody, HCV antibody, Malaria and Syphilis. The age and geographical area of residence of the participating was obtained by blood bank records. All the participating blood samples were analyzed for anti-IgM CMV and anti-IgG CMV using the ELISA technique, ABO blood grouping using forward technique (Biomed, diagnostic, Egypt) and hematological parameters using Sysmex KX-21 automated hematology analyzer. Result: From 200 samples, 4.0% tested were positive for CMV IgM antibody and 84.5% were positive for CMV IgG antibody. None of the donor was positive for both IgG and IgM antibodies. There was no statistically significant difference in seropositivity of CMV IgG antibody and IgM antibody (P value > 0.05) also there was no correlation between CMV IgG and distribution of age, ABO blood group, and residence (P value > 0.05) while there is correlation in seropositivity of CMV IgM with distribution of age only (P value < 0.05). Conclusion & Recommendation: there is a very high seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG among blood donors at the CBBKS. Since the CMV remains latent with the leucocytes after infection in spite of the presence of the antibodies in the seropositive individuals, screening donors for CMV and using leukodepleted blood products is recommended before transfusion for neonates, patients with AIDS and recipients for kidney transplant, etc Further studies are recommended to determine the prevalence of CMV antibodies in these patients.

Keywords: cytomegalovirus; Seropositivity; ELISA; TTCMV; immunocompermised. TTIs, CBBK.