SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN METABOLIC SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETES, HYPERTENSION, CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AND APPARENT HEALTH
Ogbu I.S.I., Ph.D*, Okeke N., FMC Path and Udoh A.E. Ph.D
ABSTRACT
Aim: Serum uric acid (SUA), though not one of the factors for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS), has been reported to be consistently elevated in MS. The later predisposes to cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes. This work evaluated the levels of SUA in MS associated with diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and apparent health. Method: Data from previous study were analyzed and sensitivity and specificity of SUA and its correlation with factors of MS were determined. Results: The mean (±SD) of SUA (μl/l) recorded in the study groups were 357.8 (94.75), 429 (118.7), 389 (123.2) and 356 (88.07) (p<0.01) for DM, HTN, CKD and AHS respectively. Two hundred and eighty nine subjects (53.5%) had ≥3 risk factors and were diagnosed with MS. SUA correlated significantly only with waist circumference in all the test groups. The per cent incidence of MS in the respective groups is 77.2, 49.2, 37.3 and 38.5 for DM, HTN, CKD and AHS respectively. Hyperuricaemia (>400μmol/l) was recorded in 111 of all the MS subjects, (38.4%). This gave per cent incidence of hyperuricaemia in the groups as 30.9, 58.2, 38.7 and 32.7 respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of SUA as a biomarker of MS in the study population were 37.7% and 51.6% and in the groups they were 28.7% and 66.7%; 60.9% and 52.7%; 38.7% and 65.4%; 32.6% and 34.9% respectively, (Table 3). Conclusion: SUA may not serve as a good marker for the MS in the study population. The increase in SUA reported by other workers has not been a consistent finding in this study and it may be due to dietary differences between the reported society and the present study population. The question of whether raised SUA is a cause or consequence of MS still remains unresolved.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome. Uric acid, hyperuricaemia.
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