European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ATTENUATION OF CADMIUM-INDUCED HAEMATOLOGICAL DERANGEMENTS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS BY IRVINGIA GABONENSIS O’RORKE BAILL ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT

*Efosa Godwin Ewere, Oboso E. Etim, Samson Adewale Oyebadejo and Blessing Victor Edem

ABSTRACT

Several health abnormalities such as derangement of haematological indices have been attributed to cadmium intoxication. The effect of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill ethanol leaf extract on haematological indices in cadmium-exposed Wistar albino rats was investigated. 30 Wistar albino rats of weights between 88 and 148g were distributed into six groups of five animals each. Group 1 (normal control) received normal feeds and water ad libitum. Groups 2, 3 and 4 received 10mg/Kg body weight (mg/Kgbw) of cadmium chloride (CdCl2), 10 mg/Kgbw CdCl2 and 200 mg/Kgbw extract, 10 mg/kgbw CdCl2 and 400 mg/Kgbw extract respectively. Groups 5 and 6 received 200 mg/Kgbw and 400 mg/Kgbw extract respectively for 28days. Treatment was by oral intubations. Results obtained showed significant (p˂0.05) decreases in the levels of all assayed haematological indices when group 2 (CdCl2 only) was compared with control with the exception of reticulocytes whose levels were significantly (p˂0.05) increased, indicating anaemia. Treatment with the leaf extract significantly (p˂0.05) attenuated the levels of all the haematological indices most of which were dose-dependent. The leaf extract also significantly (p˂0.05) ameliorated perturbations in white blood cell differentials induced by cadmium when group 2 was compared with control apart from basophils whose levels were not significantly different. Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill ethanol leaf extract may be very useful in mitigating cadmium-induced haematological disturbances.

Keywords: Anaemia, Cadmium, Haematological, Intoxication, Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill.