European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

ABO DISCREPANCY IN RADIATION FIELD WORKER

Suzan Alhaj Abdalla* and Ibrahim K. Ibrahim

ABSTRACT

Background: The ABO system still remains the most important blood group system in transfusion medicine. There is reciprocal relationship between presence or absence of antigens on the red blood cells and antibodies in the serum. ABO discrepancy arises due to either weak/missing or additional antigen/antibody. Exposure to ionizing radiations including x-rays leads to abnormal haematological findings, cancer (including leukaemia), birth defects in the future children of exposed parents, and affect on immune system. There is no published report in Sudan addressing the effect of low dose radiation on ABO discrepancy. Objectives: To study the ABO discrepancy in radiation field workers using direct and indirect blood grouping. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study with 60 participants in the period from August to December 2016 was carried out. Direct (cell grouping) and indirect blood ABO blood grouping (serum grouping) was done for each participant. Results: ABO grouping was done by forward and reverse grouping showed that five samples have Weak/absent reaction in serum grouping, tow patient sample have discrepancy they have missed antibodies and three samples have weak reaction in reverse grouping. The discrepancy is really affected by age and duration of exposure to radiation and there are significant correlation between it and other haematological change due to exposure to radiation. Conclusion: It is not deniable that low dose ionizing radiation is imposing impact on the ABO Blood group antigen and antibody of radiation field workers leads to discrepancy.

Keywords: ABO discrepancy, low dose radiation.