EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS SCHUMACH. & THONN AGAINST CCL4-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DAMAGE IN WISTAR RATS.
Félix Fanou Guinnin*, Maxime Machioud Sangaré, Jean-Marc Atègbo, Isabelle Tèniola Sacramento, Jean Robert Klotoé, Eugène Sèlidji Attakpa, Adam Gbankoto and Karim Laye Dramane
ABSTRACT
Vegetable drugs are taken recurrently to improve or cure pathological processes, without any scientific knowledge of their pharmacodynamic activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects in liver and kidney of Phyllanthus amarus used in virus hepatitis treatment. Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) is used to induce toxicity whose main target organs are liver and kidney (hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity). After poisoning (CCL4), the animals are treated curatively with the extracts, according to the model of Fleurentin and Joyeux. The hepatic and renal parameters investigated are transaminases (ASAT, ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (PAL), bilirubin (free and conjugated), urea, total protein, creatinine. All data is processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 and was analyzed by One-Way Analysis of the variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-test for the comparison of the averages. The threshold of significance is 5%. Several doses (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg) of the ethanolic extract of P. amarus were used to evaluate effective doses for liver and kidney. Biochemical analysis show a significant decrease in transaminases (ASAT, ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (PAL), bilirubin (free and conjugated) at 500 mg/kg. Concerning renal parameters, we notice a significant decrease in urea, creatinine at 750 mg/kg and a significant increase in total protein at the same dose. The ethanolic extract of P. amarus protect respectively liver and kidney against the oxidative stress of CCL4 at 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg.
Keywords: Hepatotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity, Phyllanthus amarus, Carbon tetrachloride.
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