IMMUNE ENHANCING POTENTIAL OF SPHERE AND ROD GOLD NANOPARTICLES TO RIFT VALLEY FEVER VACCINE RELATIVE TO TIME: IN VITRO STUDY
Maha G. Soliman, Aly F. Mohamed, Rasha A. El Sayed and Asmaa A. Abo Elqasem*
ABSTRACT
Present study aimed to evaluate sphere (S) and rod (R) gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as immune enhancer. Immune response to β-propiolactone (βPL) inactivated Rift Valley Fever (RVF) vaccine enhanced with GNPs was compared with aluminum (Alum) as a current adjuvanted. Regarding inactivation kinetics, βPL showed a fast inactivation kinetic recording depletion rate in order of 1.2 log (10) / 15 min. Also, it was noticed that the immune response post subcutanious (SC) immunization was GNPs, shape and molar concentration dependent. The peak antibody (Ab) level was detected on the 30th day post immunization in case of Alum and 20 nM of RGNPs, while the peak value was reached on the 45th day post vaccination in the rest of test groups. The least value of Ab was in case of non adjuvanted RVF vaccine. In the mean time cellular immune response was influenced where the peak levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 were detected in case of Alum adjuvanted vaccine and 20 nM SGNP enhanced vaccine, while the rest formulae showed lower values. The levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ was time related and declining phase was noticed on the 45th day and in case of 20 nM of SGNPs there was a stationary phase extended throughout the 7th – 30th day post vaccination.
Keywords: Rift Valley fever virus, gold nanoparticles, adjuvants, rats.
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