THE COMPARISON OF ANTIBODY TITRATIONS BY USING CONVENTIONAL TUBE METHOD AND COLUMN AGGLUTINATION TECHNOLOGY
Dr. Subhashish Das*, Shabbir Ahmed Khan and Phebe G.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The titre of an antibody represents the strength of that antibody’s response to a specific antigen. Several different techniques have been employed for titration, of which the conventional tube test (CTT) and the column agglutination technology (CLAT) are the most frequently used. Further, ABO antibody titration has been used to determine treatment strategies and to evaluate ABO-incompatible transfusion responses. Aim: To study this comparison of Antibody titrations by using conventional tube method and column agglutination technology. Materials and Methods: Study design: Comparative study. Methodology: A minimum of about 100 blood sample (30 samples of A group, 30 samples of B group and 40 samples of O group ) collected from donors were subjected to antibody titrations using conventional tube method (CTT) as well as column agglutination technology (CLAT) using Ortho Biovue system. CTT antibody titration was done by both immediate spin (IS) tube methods as well as in Anti Human Globulin (AHG), Immuno gama Globulin (IgG) phase. Results: The results obtained display higher titers in the CLAT (p =0.0095) and better reproducibility. When the antibody titer was higher, there was a more discernible difference between the precision of the two methods, which further justifies the use of CLAT for use in alloantibody titration. Conclusion: CLAT card is more sensitive and specific than conventional tube methods and also is less time consuming with a better turn over time (TAT) but more expensive. Our study suggests that routine blood bank activities such as grouping, cross-matching and antibody titration CLAT should be promoted with proper validation.
Keywords: antibody titration, tube, column agglutination, ABO group, Rh type.
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