ANTIBIOTICS SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IN CLINICAL ISOLATES FROM MAITAMA DISTRICT HOSPITAL, ABUJA, NIGERIA
Orji OL*, Bolaji RO, Igwe JC, Abdullahi AM, Ojoba OG, Afolabi- Balogun N.-B, Oluwayemi M, Oko PI, Orji O. N and Olayinka BO
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen causing a variety of infections ranging from mild skin infections to life threatening systemic illness. Antibiotic resistance by Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) has grown to be common, and resistant to almost all antibiotics. The objective of the study was to see the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of S. aureus isolates from different clinical samples against various brands of antibiotics used in Maitama District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 to April 2015 among patients attending Maitama District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. A total of 118 non-duplicated suspected S. aureus isolates were collected from Maitama District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. Using conventional biochemical analysis, 79(66.9%) of the isolates were observed to ferment Mannitol salt agar, of which 60(76.9%) were Coagulase-positive and 19(31.7%) were Coagulase-negative. Further evaluation using Microgene Staph Identification kit 56(93.3%) were confirmed as S. aureus, 3(5%) as S. xylosus and 1(1.7%) as S. hyicus. The resistance patterns of this isolates were as follows: 8(14.3%) Gentamycin (10μg), 21(37.5%) Ciprofloxacin (5μg), 46(82.1%) Cefoxitin (30μg), 11(19.6%) Vancomycin (30μg), 26(46.4%) Erythromycin (15μg), 40(70.4%) Tigercycline (15μg), 37(66.1%) Clindamycin (2μg), 27(48.2%) Trimethoprim/Sulphamedazol (25μg), 27(48.2%) Chloramphenicol (30μg), 21(37.5%) Linezolid (10μg), 30(53.6%) Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (20μg /10μg). The rate of antimicrobial resistance to conventional antibiotics is very high, continuous surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility testing of S. aureus is essential for the detection of emerged resistant strains of S. aureus especially MRSA.
Keywords: S. aureus, Resistance, Antibiotics.
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