ANTIFERTILITY ACTIVITY OF N-BUTANOL FRACTION METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ARISTOLOCHIA INDICA LINN ROOT IN FEMALE RATS
Kanakam Vijayabhaskar*, Mathukumalli Sai Laxmi, Naini SravanKumar, Dr. M. Arunadevi, Bairy Padma, Kalakota Chaitanya Prasad
ABSTRACT
Background: Aristolochia indica Linn is a large plant genus with over 500 species, collectively known as birthworts, pipevines or Dutchman's pipes belong to the family Aristolochiaceae. Is a perennial climber shrub with woody base stocks. The leaves are simple, alternate, short petioled, the blade ovate or somewhat wedge shaped. It has flowers which are greenish white in colour, while fruits are round. Traditionally used in Ayurveda, Yunnan herbal medicine and has numerous therapeutic benefits. But little is known about its potentially negative effects on pregnant women. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifertility effect of n-butanol fraction of methanolic extract of Aristolochia indica root in female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Four groups of rats were administered orally n-butanol fraction of methanolic extract of Aristolochia indica root at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight daily for 19 days. The control group received distilled water. On day 20 of gestation, each rat was laparatomised and number of corpora lutea of pregnancy, number of live fetuses as well as the postcoitum fertility index, weights of the foetuses and placentae were determined. Results: Oral administration of the extract from days 1 to 19 of gestation showed reduction (p<0.05) in the number of corpora lutea of pregnancy and number of live fetuses. Weights of fetuses of extract treated female rats were also smaller (p<0.05) compared with the control. Anti-implantation activity of the treatment groups were 49.04%, 52.13% and 58.11% for groups II to IV respectively, whereas antifertility activity of the groups was found to be 40%, 60% and 60% in the same order. Conclusion: N-butanol fraction of methanolic extract of Aristolochia indica root could induce negative effects on reproductive functions in female albino rats.
Keywords: Albino rats, Antifertility, Aristolochia indica root, N-butanol.
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