European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

GIS BASED SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION MAPPING EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY FOR INDUSTRIAL, DOMESTIC AND AGRICULTURAL PURPOSE IN SATARA DISTRICT

Pratibha Prakash Jadhav* and S. M. Bhosale

ABSTRACT

Water is one of the most essential components on earth. The main problem is the availability of water in right place at right time and in right form. Almost 71% of earth‘s surface is covered with water. Ground water is of only 0.63%. Remaining 0.02% of water is further divided into 0.005% of soil water, 0.009% of freshwater lakes, 0.001% in atmosphere, 0.001% in streams and 0.008% of saline lakes and inland seas. The cycle describes the method of transport of water in the hydrosphere. This water cycle includes water beneath the Earth‘s surface and in rocks, the water in plants and animal (Biosphere), the water covering the surface of planet in liquid and solid forms, and water in the atmosphere in the form of water vapour, clouds and precipitation. The combination of waters temperature and salinity determines whether it rises to the surface, sinks to the bottom, or stays at some intermediate depth. The water table has been falling rapidly in many areas of the country in recent decades. This is largely due to withdrawal for agriculture, industrial, and urban use in excess of annual recharge. With the increased developmental activities demand for water is being increasing day by day. Maharashtra state often comes under grip of water scarcity Therefore, ground water has failed to escape pollution. In recent decades there were enormous reports of ground water contamination by contaminants like heavy metals, pesticides and other pollutants in Satara district. The proposed study aims at assessing the ground water quality which is generally difficult to detect and hard to resolve. Excess use of chemicals in agriculture, ineffective monitoring of industrial and household waste has led to decline in the quality of water. Thus, the proposed study will also help to enlighten the probable hidden sources of pollution which spoils the entire system without notice.

Keywords: GIS.